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旭月NMT简报---关键词搜索:

J Exp Bot :江苏师范大学丨多倍体维持钠钾稳态促耐盐能力的新机制(附NMT实验体系)

转自中关村旭月非损伤微测技术产业联盟

 

NMT是基因功能的活体检测技术,已被31位诺贝尔奖得主所在单位,及北大、清华、中科院使用。

2019年10月江苏师大NMT合作研究中心(测试中心)服务信息

江苏师范大学揭示多倍体植物盐胁迫下钾钠平衡调控机制

  • 期刊:Journal of Experimental botany
  • 主题:多倍体维持钠钾稳态促耐盐能力的新机制
  • 标题:Root-zone-specific sensitivity of K+-and Ca2+-permeable channels to H2O2 determines ion homeostasis in salinized diploid and hexaploid Ipomoea trifida
  • 影响因子:5.354
  • 检测指标:K+、H+、Ca2+、Na+流速
  • 检测部位:甘薯
    K+、H+、Ca2+瞬时:分生区(距离根尖500μm处),伸长(距尖端3毫米),成熟(尖端15毫米)
    K+、Na+:分生组织区(距离尖端300-600μm)测量间隔为100μm),伸长区(1-3 mm)测量间隔为500μm的尖端和成熟区(距尖端10-15毫米,测量间隔为1毫米)
  • K+、H+、Ca2+、Na+流速流实验处理方法::甘薯幼苗,150mM NaCl处理7d/150mM NaCl瞬时处理
  • K+、H+、Ca2+、Na+流速流实验测试液成份:
    H+/K+/Ca2+瞬时:0.1 mM NaCl, 0.1 mM MgCl2,0.1 mM CaCl2, and 0.5 mM KCl at pH 5.7
    K+:150 mM NaCl, 0.1 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM CaCl2, and 0.5 mM KCl, pH 5.7
  • 作者:江苏师范大学孙健、李宗芸

英文摘要

Polyploids generally possess superior K+/Na+ homeostasis under saline conditions compared with their diploid progenitors.

In this study, we identified the physiological mechanisms involved in the ploidy-related mediation of K+/Na+ homeostasis in the roots of diploid (2x) and hexaploid (6x; autohexaploid) Ipomoea trifida, which is the closest relative of cultivated sweet potato. Results showed that 6x I. trifida retained more K+ and accumulated less Na+ in the root and leaf tissues under salt stress than 2x I. trifida.

Compared with its 2x ancestor, 6x I. trifida efficiently prevents K+ efflux from the meristem root zone under salt stress through its plasma membrane (PM) K+-permeable channels, which have low sensitivity to H2O2. Moreover, 6x I. trifida efficiently excludes Na+ from the elongation and mature root zones under salt stress because of the high sensitivity of PM Ca2+-permeable channels to H2O2.

Our results suggest the root-zone-specific sensitivity to H2O2 of PM K+- and Ca2+-permeable channels in the co-ordinated control of K+/Na+ homeostasis in salinized 2x and 6x I. trifida. This work provides new insights into the improved maintenance of K+/Na+ homeostasis of polyploids under salt stress.

中文摘要(谷歌机翻)

与二倍体祖细胞相比,多倍体在盐水条件下通常具有优越的K+ / Na+稳态。

在这项研究中,我们确定了与二倍体(2x)和六倍体(6x;自六倍体)Tripoda的根的K+/ Na+稳态的倍性相关介导有关的生理机制,这是栽培红薯的近亲。结果表明,与2x I. trifida相比,在盐胁迫下6x I. trifida保留更多的K +并在根和叶组织中积累较少的Na+。

与2x祖先相比,6x裂叶线虫通过其对H2O2敏感性低的质膜(PM)K+渗透通道有效地防止了盐胁迫下分生组织根区的K+流出。此外,由于PM Ca2+的可渗透通道对H2O2的敏感性高,因此6x I. trifida有效地将Na+从盐胁迫下的伸长和成熟根区中排除。

我们的结果表明,在盐渍化2x和6x盐粉虱的K+ / Na+动态平衡控制中,PM K+-和Ca2+渗透通道对H2O2的根区特异性敏感性。这项工作为改善盐胁迫下多倍体K+ / Na+稳态的维持提供了新的见解。

结果表明:在分生组织区中,观察到更高的K+流出量的是2x,在盐处理(约30分钟)期间,盐诱导的K+渗漏的平均速率高达4800 pmol cm-2 s-1(比6x高1.9倍)。但是,在伸长和成熟的根部区域观察到相反的趋势,其中6x比2x表现出更强烈的K+外排。

文章链接:https://academic.oup.com/jxb/article/70/4/1389/5301728

 

 

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces:中科院深圳先进院丨可降解生物材料微环境pH分布及其对破骨细胞活性的调节作用

转自中关村旭月非损伤微测技术产业联盟

 

 

  • 期刊:ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
  • 主题:可降解生物材料周边微环境pH空间分布及其对破骨细胞活性的调节作用
  • 标题:Spatial Distribution of Biomaterial Microenvironment pH and Its Modulatory Effect on Osteoclasts at Early Stage of Bone Defect Regeneration
  • 影响因子:8.097
  • 检测指标:H+流速
  • 检测部位:生物材料玻璃材料
  • H+流速流实验处理方法:不同配比的玻璃材料
  • H+流速流实验测试液成份:模拟体液
  • 作者:中科院深圳先进技术研究院潘浩波、刘文龙

文献简介

2019年2月,中科院深圳先进技术研究院潘浩波研究员团队发表了题为 “Spatial Distribution of Biomaterial Microenvironment pH and Its Modulatory Effect on Osteoclasts at the Early Stage of Bone Defect Regeneration” 的文章,通过关联可降解生物材料周边微环境H+离子分布和破骨细胞活性,旨在描绘 “材料-机体” 交互作用之 “微环境” 分布范围。相关成果发表于ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces。

近年来,由人工组织与机体微环境交互作用而引起的材料学及生物学效应受到越来越多的关注。团队早期研究发现pH值在调控骨修复过程中破骨与成骨间平衡具有重要作用,并采用微电极技术初步探明存在微碱性范围内的某一pH 阈值,使得成骨细胞、破骨细胞及骨髓基质干细胞在阈值两侧的活性产生明显变化(即“开/关”效应)(Liu WL et al., Osteoporosis International, 2016; Shen YH et al., Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012; Shen YH et al., Langmuir, 2011)。进而,本研究采用非损伤微测技术,考察了系列可降解材料近表面(50-3000μm)氢离子流速及空间分布的梯度效应。相对于表面pH微电极,NMT系统在检测信号种类,空间和时间的可控性等方面展现出了独到的优势。

结果证明,破骨细胞在微碱性环境中(pH>7.8)的分化及侵蚀骨板能力基本丧失;基于此,团队制备了系列碱性可降解硅硼酸盐玻璃,并使用NMT系统描绘出与破骨细胞产生“开/关”效应相对应的材料表面微环境的影响范围(400 ± 50 μm)。为研究“材料-骨组织”早期的相互作用,团队使用最新建立的小鼠骨缺损动物模型(Liu WL et al., Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods, 2016),证明了材料周边碱性微环境能促进骨质疏松骨缺损的快速再生。本研究进而表明,对微环境离子浓度的精确调控将为未来新材料的设计提供指导意义。

结果表明:对于实验组(18B2P,18B4P和6B2P)中的所有受测试玻璃,H+浓度和材料表面附近的流速(50μm)在初始阶段的固液相互作用。 18B2P,18B4P和6B2P(50μm)表面附近的pH值在6秒钟内达到7.8以上,并随时间增加,直到约10分钟后达到稳定状态。最初的H+流入量在2分钟内达到了0.1-0.25 pmol / cm2•s(图B),然后逐渐下降并在5分钟后稳定在0.1 pmol / cm2•s左右,这意味着氢离子交换相对平衡。这些材料的固液界面。在5分钟的时间点上,测试材料的H+流速之间未检测到明显差异。由于HA是不可降解的材料,其表面pH值保持在7.4附近,H+通量在0 pmol / cm2•s附近波动。

英文摘要

It is generally accepted that biodegradable materials greatly influence the nearby microenvironment where cells reside; however, the range of interfacial properties has seldom been discussed due to technical bottlenecks.

This study aims to depict biomaterial microenvironment boundaries by correlating interfacial H+ distribution with surrounding cell behaviors. Using a disuse-related osteoporotic mouse model, we confirmed that the abnormal activated osteoclasts could be suppressed under relatively alkaline conditions. The differentiation and apatite-resorption capability of osteoclasts were “switched off” when cultured in titrated material extracts with pH values higher than 7.8.

To generate a localized alkaline microenvironment, a series of borosilicates were fabricated and their interfacial H+ distributions were monitored spatiotemporally by employing noninvasive microtest technology. By correlating interfacial H+ distribution with osteoclast “switch on/off” behavior, the microenvironment boundary of the tested material was found to be 400 ± 50 μm, which is broader than the generally accepted value, 300 μm.

Furthermore, osteoporotic mice implanted with materials with higher interfacial pH values and boarder effective ranges had lower osteoclast activities and a thicker new bone.

To conclude, effective proton microenvironment boundaries of degradable biomaterials were depicted and a weak alkaline microenvironment was shown to promote regeneration of osteoporotic bones possibly by suppressing abnormal activated osteoclasts.

中文摘要(谷歌机翻)

人们普遍认为,可生物降解的材料会极大地影响细胞所在的附近微环境。然而,由于技术瓶颈,很少讨论界面性质的范围。

这项研究旨在通过将界面H+分布与周围细胞行为相关联来描绘生物材料微环境的边界。使用与废品相关的骨质疏松小鼠模型,我们确认了在相对碱性条件下可以抑制异常活化的破骨细胞。当在pH值高于7.8的滴定材料提取物中培养时,破骨细胞的分化和磷灰石吸收能力被“关闭”。

为了产生局部的碱性微环境,制造了一系列的硼硅酸盐,并采用无创微测试技术对它们的界面H+分布进行了时空监测。通过将界面H+分布与破骨细胞的“开/关”行为相关联,发现被测材料的微环境边界为400±50μm,比公认的值300μm宽。

此外,植入具有较高界面pH值和边界有效范围的材料的骨质疏松小鼠的破骨细胞活性较低,新骨较厚。

总而言之,描绘了可降解生物材料的有效质子微环境边界,并显示了弱碱性微环境可能通过抑制异常活化的破骨细胞来促进骨质疏松骨骼的再生。

文章链接:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.8b20580

 

 

Sci Total Environ :湘潭大学丨城市污水中的季铵盐对绿藻NH4+吸收的影响(附NMT实验体系)

转自中关村旭月非损伤微测技术产业联盟

 

 

  • 期刊:Science of The Total Environment
  • 主题:城市污水中的季铵盐对绿藻NH4+吸收的影响
  • 标题:Extracellular polymeric substrates of Chlorella vulgaris F1068 weaken stress of cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride on ammonium uptake
  • 影响因子:4.610
  • 检测指标:NH4+流速
  • 检测部位:小球藻藻细胞
  • NH4+流速流实验处理方法:小球藻,有无0.5 mg/L CTAC在光照/黑暗下处理6小时
  • NH4+流速流实验测试液成份:NH4Cl 37.4 mg/L, NaH2PO42·7H2O 9.8 mg/L, CaCl2·2H2O 14.7 mg/L,MgSO4·7H2O 24.6 mg/L and NaHCO3 42mg/L,pH 7.5
  • 作者:湘潭大学葛飞、匡扬铎

英文摘要

This study investigated the influences of cetyltrimethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), an emerging pollutant quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) in municipal effluents, on the transfer and uptake of NH4+ by Chlorella vulgaris F1068 cells removed EPS artificially (EPS-R) and coated EPS naturally (EPS-C) under different scenarios (e.g., the presence or absence of CTAC, different photoperiod sequences (light 12 h: dark 12 h or dark 12 h: light 12 h)).

The results showed that the removal of EPS increased the transfer and uptake of NH4+ but the presence of EPS caged NH4+ and effectively weakened the stress of CTAC (<0.5 mg/L) on NH4+ uptake. The main mechanism was considered that CTAC in the concentration range from 0.1 to 0.5 mg/L induced an increased amount of polysaccharide and protein in EPS and thus protected algal normal physiological functions (including cell membrane permeability and glutamine synthetase activity) from the damage of CTAC (0.1 to 0.5 mg/L) regardless of the photoperiod sequences.

Thereby, the findings of this study provided an insight into the role of algal EPS in transfer and uptake of nutrients under the coexisted toxics for the future algae-based sewage treatment application.

中文摘要(谷歌机翻)

这项研究调查了十六烷基三甲基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)(一种新兴的污染物季铵化合物(QAC))在城市污水中对寻常绿藻F1068细胞人工去除EPS(EPS-R)和包被EPS的转移和吸收NH4+的影响。自然地(EPS-C)在不同情况下(例如,是否存在CTAC,不同的光周期序列(亮12 h:暗12 h或暗12 h:亮12 h))。

结果表明,EPS的去除增加了NH4+的转移和吸收,但是EPS的存在笼罩了NH4+,有效地减弱了CTAC(<0.5μmg/L)对NH4+吸收的胁迫。认为其主要机理是浓度在0.1至0.5μmg/l的ctac诱导eps中的多糖和蛋白质增加,从而保护藻类的正常生理功能(包括细胞膜通透性和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性)免受ctac的损害。 (0.1至0.5μmg/L),与光周期无关。

因此,本研究的发现为藻类EPS在未来基于藻类的污水处理应用中在共存有毒物质的转移和吸收养分中的作用提供了见解。

结果表明:在没有CTAC的6小时光照下,EPS-C细胞或EPS-R细胞的NH4+通量分别达到-1.87ng /(cm2·s)和-2.63ng /(cm2·s)。当添加0.5 mg / L的CTAC时,EPS-C或EPS-R细胞的NH4+通量急剧下降至-0.94 ng /(cm2·s)和-0.73 ng /(cm2·s)。相反,当EPS-R细胞和EPS-C细胞在黑暗中培养6小时无论CTAC存在与否,EPS-C细胞和EPS-R细胞的NH4+流速从负值转换为正值,表明NH4+从细胞内环境流出到培养基。

文章链接:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718353683?via%3Dihub

 

 

(一作视频讲解)FOOD CHEM:南京农大丨钙参与盐胁迫下作物酚类积累的GABA信号转导(钙信号,附NMT实验体系)

本文第一作者马燕文章解读

原文链接

期刊:Food Chemistry
主题:钙参与盐胁迫下作物酚类积累的GABA信号转导(钙信号)
标题:Ca2+ involved in GABA signal transduction for phenolics accumulation in germinated hulless barley under NaCl stress
影响因子:5.399
检测指标:Ca2+流速
检测部位:根尖细胞
Ca2+流实验处理方法:三日龄的大麦幼苗,60mM NaCl、60mM NaCl + 0.5mM GABA、60mM NaCl + 0.1mM 3-MP分别处理四天和六天
Ca2+流实验测试液成份:0.1mM KCl, 0.1mM CaCl2, 0.1mM MgCl2, 0.5mM NaCl, 0.3mM MES, 0.2mM Na2SO4,pH 6.0
作者:南京农业大学杨润强、马燕
 

 

Plant Physiol :山东大学、山东省农科院丨线粒体丙酮酸载体调控植物耐镉的机理(附NMT实验体系)

转自中关村旭月非损伤微测技术产业联盟

 

山东大学张伟课题组揭示线粒体丙酮酸载体调控植物耐镉的机理

 

  • 期刊:Plant Physiology
  • 主题:线粒体丙酮酸载体调控植物耐镉的机理
  • 标题:Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carriers Prevent Cadmium Toxicity by Sustaining the TCA Cycle and Glutathione Synthesis
  • 影响因子:5.949
  • 检测指标:Cd2+流速
  • 检测部位:拟南芥根(距离根尖400μm)
  • Cd2+流速流实验处理方法:拟南芥种子萌发3天后,50μMCdCl2处理7天
  • Cd2+流速流实验测试液成份:0.1 mM KCl, 0.05 mM CdCl2, 0.3 mM MES, pH 5.8
  • 作者:山东大学、山东省农科院张伟、高建伟、贺立龙

英文摘要

Cadmium (Cd) is a major heavy metal pollutant, and Cd toxicity is a serious cause of abiotic stress in the environment. Plants protect themselves against Cd stress through a variety of pathways.

In a recent study, we found that mitochondrial pyruvate carriers (MPCs) are involved in Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Following the identification of MPCs in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in 2012, most studies have focused on the function of MPCs in animals, as a possible approach to reduce the risk of cancer developing.

The results of this study show that AtMPC protein complexes are required for Cd tolerance and prevention of Cd accumulation in Arabidopsis. AtMPC complexes are composed of two elements, AtMPC1 and AtMPC2 (AtNRGA1 or AtMPC3). When the formation of AtMPCs was interrupted by the loss of AtMPC1, glutamate could supplement the synthesis of acetyl-coenzyme A and sustain the TCA cycle. With the up-regulation of glutathione synthesis following exposure to Cd stress, the supplementary pathway could not efficiently drive the tricarboxylic acid cycle without AtMPC. The ATP content decreased concomitantly with the deletion of tricarboxylic acid activity, which led to Cd accumulation in Arabidopsis.

More importantly, ScMPCs were also required for Cd tolerance in yeast. Our results suggest that the mechanism of Cd tolerance may be similar in other species.

中文摘要(谷歌机翻)

镉(Cd)是一种主要的重金属污染物,Cd毒性是环境中非生物胁迫的严重原因。植物通过各种途径保护自己免受Cd胁迫。

在最近的一项研究中,我们发现线粒体丙酮酸载体(MPCs)参与拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)的Cd耐受。继2012年在酵母(酿酒酵母)中鉴定MPC后,大多数研究都集中在MPCs在动物体内的功能,作为降低癌症发展风险的可能方法。

该研究的结果表明,AtMPC蛋白复合物是拟南芥中Cd耐受和预防Cd积累所必需的。AtMPC复合物由两种元素组成,AtMPC1和AtMPC2(AtNRGA1或AtMPC3)。当AtMPC的形成中断AtMPC的形成时,谷氨酸可以补充乙酰辅酶A的合成并维持TCA循环。随着暴露于Cd胁迫后谷胱甘肽合成的上调,补充途径不能在没有AtMPC的情况下有效地驱动三羧酸循环。随着三羧酸活性的缺失,ATP含量同时下降,导致拟南芥中Cd的积累。

更重要的是,ScMPCs也是酵母中Cd耐受性所必需的。我们的研究结果表明,其他物种的镉耐受机制可能相似。

结果表明:结果表明:在50μMCdCl2处理下,mpc1-1根系中的Cd2+吸收远高于野生型和互补株系(图C和D)。

结果表明:通过在野生型和mpc1-1的根中添加1mM ATP,Cd2+吸收受到显着影响并变为外排。此外,野生型的Cd2+流速变化比mpc1-1更明显。野生型Cd2+流速从大约-10pmolcm-2s-1变为70pmol cm-2s-1,而mpc1-1从大约-20pmolcm-2s-1变为20pmol cm-2s-1(图b和c)。在MPC存在下,ATP有助于Cd2+的外排。

文章链接:http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/180/1/198